It said other weapons including a knife and a hammer were then found.
Police were called and the white man was arrested, but the black man had left before officers arrived.
The mosque said it believed the “swift and responsible actions” of its volunteers could have prevented a “far more serious” situation.
“The Muslim community in the UK has experienced a notable rise in threats and hostility over recent years,” it said.
“The increase in Islamophobic incidents is a serious concern, and greater resources are urgently needed to address this growing and real risk.
“We will continue to cooperate fully with the police and urge all mosque attendees to remain vigilant.”
The mosque said it had provided CCTV footage to police.
Supt Nasim said there would be increased patrols in the area while the investigation continues.
He said: “There’s no place for weapons on our streets and we are committed to ensure all our communities feel safe to worship in peace and go about their daily lives without fear.
“Anyone committing such offences will be dealt with in accordance with the law.”
