Bloomberg
(Bloomberg) — Gold and silver fell for a second day, with investors positioning for an annual rebalancing of commodity indexes that will see futures contracts worth billions of dollars sold in the next few days.
Spot gold slipped below $4,450 an ounce, after losing nearly 1% in the previous session. Passive tracking funds are selling precious metals futures from Thursday to match new weightings required by the indexes – a usually routine process that has taken on extra significance for gold and silver due to last year’s blistering rallies.
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Silver – which fell more than 3% on Thursday – is particularly vulnerable to a sharp selloff. Citigroup Inc. estimated about $6.8 billion in silver futures could be sold to meet the rebalancing requirements, equivalent to about 12% of open interest on Comex.
Outflows from gold futures will total roughly the same amount, according to Citi, basing its estimate on funds tracking the Bloomberg Commodity Index and the S&P Goldman Sachs Commodity Index. The rebalancing is needed because of the sharp rise in the weighting of precious metals in commodity benchmarks.
The Bloomberg Commodities Index roll period runs from the sixth business day of the year to the tenth, but is typically at a one-day lag to the trading done to rebalance the index, which is usually evenly spread across the fifth business day to the ninth.
Both metals faced a similar index selloff last year, without causing a discernible drag on the market, according to a Dec. 12 note from JPMorgan Chase & Co. The bank, however, said the amount of selling required in silver is more outsized this year.
“I’ve been running this process for many years, and we haven’t seen any outsized flow like this one,” said Kenny Hu, a strategist at Citi.
Though prices may come under short-term pressure, analysts are still broadly bullish on gold, after chalking up its best annual performance since 1979. Bullion hit a series of records throughout last year, with support from elevated central-bank buying and inflows to bullion-backed exchange-traded funds. A sagging US dollar added further fuel to prices, making the metal more affordable for buyers in other currencies.
“The rally is fueled by a potent mix of safe haven and risk-off purchases, spurred in part by USD weakness, and policy uncertainty,” wrote James Steel, chief precious metals analyst at HSBC Holdings Plc. Steel sees gold hitting $5,000 an ounce in the first half of 2026, bolstered by rising geopolitical risks and rising fiscal debts.
Net gold purchases by central banks totaled 45 tons in November, according to a statement from the World Gold Council dated Jan. 6. The People’s Bank of China, meanwhile, extended its gold-buying streak to 14 months, according to data released Wednesday, showing official demand is continuing to be a pillar of support for bullion.
Heightened geopolitical tensions around China-Japan trade relations and the capture by the US of Venezuelan leader Nicolas Maduro have also lent some support in recent days to gold, which was up roughly 3% for the week through Wednesday’s close.
Traders are turning their attention to the release of key US economic data on Friday, including the December jobs report. A softer print would support bets on more interest-rate cuts by the Federal Reserve, a tailwind for non-yielding precious metals.
Silver’s rally — it gained around 150% last year — has been even more spectacular than gold’s. A historic short squeeze gripped the market in October, and the white metal has continued to benefit from tightness in the dominant spot market in London, as tariff fears prevent metal from flowing from packed warehouses in the US.
The index rebalancing could “dampen the potential upside in the near term, but in the longer run, silver has more momentum,” said David Wilson, director of commodity strategy at BNP Paribas SA.
Gold fell 0.6% to $4,430.99 an ounce as of 11:08 a.m. London time. Silver fell 3.1% to $75.75. Platinum and palladium extended losses from the previous session, while the Bloomberg Dollar Spot Index was steady.
Bloomberg Index Services Ltd., the administrator of Bloomberg Indices, is a wholly owned subsidiary of Bloomberg LP.
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